HTML

Introduction

This page is sharing a training video course for Basic HTML Web Programming Language. Users who are attending the course, do get the fundamental understanding about what HTML or how to create HTML to create a presentation/structure of the web page. The course discuss different tags in the topic.

HTML – Definition

Any documents exist in a real life do have different kind of structure as per the nature of the business that these documents are representing. Making these document in the form of web requires a special markup language. One of the language for making document structure to be just like as it is found in a real working environment is HTML-Hypertext Markup Language. 

There are different kind of document structure represented using the html language. The structure of a document helps the reader as well as the document to be easy, and attractive. HTML language enable to construct a document with a different content type like text, image, video, audio, forms , columnar structure-table and so many and other types of structures. In order to design a web document, an HTML uses tag/elements and attributes. Let just see few concepts of html as follow.

Tags/Elements & Attributes

There are many types of TAGS or ELEMENTS. Most tags or elements have opening and closing sections and they are written inline one after the other inside of an angle bracket. The closing tag or element has a foreword slash to indicate that the tag or element is an ending tag or closing element. Tag or elements are written as follow.

Syntax: 
<tag or element>  </tag or element>
Example: - 
<h1> Ethiopia </h1>

Important Note : –

  • All tags do not have a closing tag. Further discussion of these type of tags and others will be taken care of in the upcoming discussion. 
  • ·  The tag or elements are used interchangeably throughout the discussion of the html topic. 
  • ·  Angle brackets refer left side angle bracket < and right side angle bracket >. 

Attributes

It is an additional feature of tag or element used to provide more effect for the tag or element. Attribute has two parts name and value. In the case that we want to use attribute inside of the html code, make sure to remember the name as well the corresponding value of the attribute. The attribute is usually written inside of the tag at the opening section. 

Tag or element with attribute is written as follow. 

Syntax:-
<tag or element attribute_name=value> </tag or element>
Example:-  
<body color=”blue”> </body>

General Html Structure

Any html document has the following basic code structure.

<!DOCTYPE html>
      <html>
            <head>
                  <title></title>
            </head>
            <body>
            </body>
      </html>

Description

  • <!DOCTYPE html> is used to state the version of the HTML for the browser. Writing the HTML version like this <!DOCTYPE html> means that the version is HTML5. There are other several techniques of stating HTML version for the browser as per the kind of html version we use for the web development. 
  • <html> </html> is used to indicate the beginning and ending of the html code. 
  • <head> </head> consists of different tags used for styles written in CSS, event driven operations written in JavaScript, and other useful information about the page written using a tag <meta>. 
  • <title> </title> is used to write down the title of the web document. 
  • <body> </body> is the main section of the web document where different page structures are developed using different tags exists in the language of html. Anything written inside of this section will be presented at the main part of the web document. Some of the common sections of the body are paragraph, headings, table, division, figure, and many more. 

First Html Document

In order to write an html code, a text editor has to be used. The most common text editor is notepad but it is possible to use other text editors like notepad++ or other applications which supports html language. 

We start the text editor notepad and write the html code below in the blank working area and save the file with file extension of .html in the place we want to. 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
      <head>
            <title> My First Page</title>
      </head>
      <body>
<p> Hello, Everyone!!</p> </body> 
<html>

Once the code is written ,make sure to open the file in the browser such as Internet Explorer , Firefox, Google chrome or other type of browser in order to see the output of the file. 

Application of attribute along with the html tag

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
      <head>
            <title> My First Page</title>
      </head>
      <body>
<p style=”color:red”> Hello, Everyone!!</p> </body> 
<html>

The above attribute changes the foreground color of the text from black to a red color. 

Summary

  • HTML is a markup language used to design a webpage. 
  • There are many tags or elements useful for designing a web page structure. Most tags or elements are coming in pair like opening and closing section. But not all tags have a closing section.
  • Tags are written inside of the angle bracket 
  • Attributes are used along with tag or element to apply additional effect to the objects and texts found inside of the tag.
  • Any html document has a standard code structure. 

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